You are too right an empirical paper using the information below. Step 1: Identify Study Topic, Variables of Interest and Research Question:
Do optimistic people have better health outcomes than pessimistic people?
Quasi Independent variable: Personality Type: Optimistic or Pessimistic
Dependent Variable: Perceived Overall General Health
Step 2: Prepare Introduction Section with Literature Review
Discuss overview of the study topic
Include 5 empirical sources that will comprise the literature review
Include the Purpose of the Study at the end of the literature review:
The purpose of the present study is to examine the role of optimism on health outcomes.
Step 3: Method Section
Your method section must include the following subheadings:
Participants
Measures
Research Design
Procedure
Down below I have also put the journal article database. You must locate 5 empirical journal articles to complete your literature review. Empirical articles have the following sections:
Introduction/literature review
Method
Result
Discussion
There are several resources that I have attached to assist you with your Introduction/Literature Review. Read everything very carefully:
1. Read the Literature Review Handout and How to Write a Liteature Review to find out what a literature review is and what you should include in your introduction and literature review.
2. Next, Review the Brief Literature Review Markup. Pay attention to Steps 1-3 in this document. This is an example of a brief Introduction with Literature Review. Your paper must have the steps outlined (1-3).
3. Use the Literature Review Template. Your publish MUST maintain APA formatting. So, use this template as a guide for how to structure your paper. Pay close attention to the in text citations and Reference page.
4. Double check your formatting using the Checklist
How to prepare a method section:
REVIEW THE INFORMATION BELOW TO UNDERSTAND THE TOPIC OF YOUR STUDY AS WELL AS THE STUDY VARIABLES AND PURPOSE OF THE STUDY.
Topic: The role of optimism on health outcomes
Research has shown that optimism is correlated with many positive life outcomes including increased life expectancy, general health, better mental health, increased success in sports and work, greater recovery rates from heart operations, and better coping strategies when faced with adversity.
a. Research Question: Do optimistic people have better health outcomes than pessimistic people?
b. Purpose of the Study: To examine the role of optimism on health outcomes
c. The variables of interest for this study.
Quasi Independent Variable (QIV)= Personality Type: Optimistic or Pessimistic
Dependent Variable (DV)= Perceived Overall General Health
d. The Scale of Measurement for the QIV and DV
OIV= Nominal
DV= Interval
READ THIS SECTION CAREFULLY. YOU WILL NEED INFORMATION AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS SECTION FOR YOUR METHOD SECTION. BE SURE TO FOLLOW THE METHOD SECTION TEMPLATE WHEN PREPARING YOUR publish. THE TEMPLATE IS ATTACHED. BE SURE TO FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE PROVIDED TO HELP MAINTAIN PROPER APA FORMATTING.
Your method section should describe what was done to answer the research question, describe how it was done, and justify the research design. The methods section structure should: describe the participants and where they were recruited, describe the materials used in the study, explain the research processes used in the study and describe the research design.
Modified from: http://www.mrcophth.com/publishorperish/methods.html
Your Method section must have the structure that you see below. Please, also review the sample papers that I have provided for you.
Method
Participants
In this subsection, describe the participants in your study, including who they were, how many there were, and how they were selected.
For example:
The study used a sample of 30 undergraduate students from an Introduction to Psychology Class at Norfolk State University. The average age of the study participants was M=22 years, (SD= 3.45 years). The sample consisted of 80 women and 20 men with 98% of participants being African American.
Measures
In this section, describe your survey. What types of questions were asked in the survey? Provide a few example items. Be sure to give proper credit to the developer of the survey instrument that you used.
For example:
Participants completed the âHostility Scaleâ developed by Bradshaw (2010). This 10 item survey instrument assessed undergraduate studentsâ level of hostility. Each item was assessed using a 5-point scale (1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree). An example item is as follows: âI get so angry that I want to hit someone.â
Research Design
In this section, describe your research design used in your study. This should be similar to the research strategy that you mentioned at the end of your introduction section. Specify the variables as well as the levels of these variables. Explain whether your study uses a correlational design or a non-experimental (differential design).
For example:
The present study used a correlational design. The predictor was level of hostility and the criterion was academic achievement.
Procedure
In this section, provide clear detail of the procedures used in your study. Explain what you had participants do, how you collected data, and the order in which steps occurred.
For example:
Individuals who agreed to participant in the study, were asked to complete an informed consent form and told of their rights as research participants. After this, participants were given a 10 question survey and asked to read each item carefully and answer each question as honestly as possible. Participants were told that at any point during the completion of the survey, if they did not want to answer any questions they had the right to do so. At the completion of the survey, participants were asked to return the survey to the researcher.
Tips:
Write the method section in the past tense.
Provide enough detail that another researcher could replicate your study, but be as concise as possible. Avoid unnecessary detail that is not relevant to the outcome of the study.
Use proper APA format.
Proofread your paper for typos, grammar problems, and spelling errors.
How to Prepare a Results and Discussion Sections:
Independent Samples t-test
We will be computing the independent samples t-test for our Optimism and Health Study. Specifically, we want to determine if there is a mean difference in perceived health between optimistic and pessimistic individuals.
Please read all of the information provided below in order to compute the Independent Samples t-test using SPSS.
You must then prepare an APA style results and discussion sections using the example that has been provided below.
Tell readers what statistical test you conducted and why.
Present the statistical findings including the descriiptive analysis.
Present your statistical findings in APA style
Keep it simple
For Example:
Results
The Independent Samples t-test was conducted to determine if the neurological tests scores are significantly different for the soccer players than for the swimmers. The test revealed no significant mean differences between the soccer players (M=6.00, SD=2.45) and the swimmers (M=7.88, SD=3.72) in neurological functioning, t(11)=.342, p>.05.
Discussion
Your discussion section is where you talk about what your results mean. Here you interpret your findings, evaluate your hypotheses or research questions, discuss unexpected results, and tie your findings to the previous literature (discussed first in your literature review). Your discussion section should move from specific to general.
Here are some tips for writing your discussion section.
Begin with restating the purpose of your study or hypothesis.
Link your findings to the literature. Are your findings consistent with the literature or not.
If your findings are consistent with the literature or not, provide an interpretation of your results: what is it that you have learned from your research?
Discuss each hypotheses or research question in more depth.
Do not repeat what you have already said in your resultsâinstead, focus on adding new information and broadening the perspective of your results to you reader.
Discuss how your results compare to previous findings in the literature. If there are differences, discuss why you think these differences exist and what they could mean.
Briefly consider your study\’s limitations, but do not dwell on its flaws.
Consider also what new questions your study raises, what questions your study was not able to answer, and what avenues future research could take in this area.
You must include at least 1 APA intext citation in your discussion section.
Tips:
Submit a full publish of your paper, including all sections.
Write the Results and Discussion sections in the past tense.
Provide enough detail that another researcher could replicate your study, but be as concise as possible. Avoid unnecessary detail that is not relevant to the outcome of the study.
Use proper APA format.
Proofread your paper for typos, grammar problems, and spelling errors.